RAS MAIN-ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY SCIENCE
PAPER-I (Code No. 03)
Unit Subject matter
1. Animal Breeding & Genetics :
Frequency of genes and genotype; Hardy-weinbug law and equilibrium frequencies, Forces changing gene frequencies- mutation, migration and selection. Variation, their causes, Partitioning of phenotypic variance, Estimation of additive, non-additive and environmental variance in animal populations, Genetic nature of differences between species and breeds of livestock. Resemblance between relatives. Heritability, repeatability, genetic and environmental correlations.
Concept and measurement of relationship. Mating systems; Inbreeding and out breeding; their uses, consequences and limitations. Bases and methods of selection; their effective and limitations. Selection indices, sire indices,. Interspecific hybridization. Estimation and utilization of general and specific combining ability. Diallel crossing. Recurrent selection and reciprocal recurrent selection. Breeding efficiency and factors affecting.
2. Animal Nutrition:
Digestive system of ruminants and non ruminants. Major and minor nutrients, their functions, symptoms of deficiency and sources. Digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates., fats and proteins. Digestibility coefficients and feed evaluation. Basal feeds, energy and protein supplements, agro-industrial by products and non conventional feeds. Top feeds. Feed additives. Methods of improving low quality roughages. Conservation of green fodders. Antinutritive factors in feeds and fodders. Feeding standards for farm animals. Computation of balance ration and feeding of various categories of livestock. Feeding of livestock during drought and scarcity periods. Supply of green fodder throughout the year. Pasture and its management. Grazing methods.
3. Livestock Production and Management:
a. Breeds: Origin, distribution, characteristics and utility of important breeds of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, camel and poultry.
b. Management :

(i) Cattle & buffalo: Oestrus, its detection and insemination. Care of pregnant and parturient cow. Care of calf, growing and milking animals, bull and bullocks. Grooming, exercise, bathing, milking, castration, marking, dehorning and age determination. Systems of housing under various agro-climatic conditions.
(ii) Sheep and goat : Management of breeding goats and sheep, browsing, grazing, feeding and housing.
(iii) Camel : Breeding, feeding, housing and management of camel. Meat and wool production and marketing.
(iv) Pigs: Feeding, breeding, housing and management of pigs.
(v) Poultry : Present status and future scope of poultry farming. Egg structure, formation, selection, incubation and hatching. Rearing of chicks and management of growers and layers,. Broiler production,. Housing chicken. Poultry housing equipments. marketing of eggs, poultry and its meat.
c. Dairy Science : Present status and future scope of diary industry in India. Milk Production and its utilization. Principles involved in production of safe & clean milk. Physico-chemical and nutritional properties of milk. Quality measurements of milk and milk products. Legal standards. Pasteurization, sterilization and homogenization of milk. Phosphates test, adulteration of milk and its detection. Manufacture of milk products and their marketing. Cleaning and sterilization of dairy equipments.
d. Extension : Extension programmes in Animal Husbandry. Dairy development projects organizing milk producers and dairy cooperatives.

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY SCIENCE
PAPER-II (Code No.03)

Unit Subject matter
1. Pharmacology :
Principles of drug action. Pharmacology of drugs acting on digestive, respiratory, nervous, excretory and circulatory systems. Chemotherapeutic drugs, anthelminthics, insecticides.
2. Microbiology :
Morphology and cell structure of bacteria : Classification and nomenclature of bacteria. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal substances. Antigens, immunoglobulin classes and sub classes. Antigen-antibody reactions. Types of immunity and their classification. Different methods of confirming and their interactions. Bacteriophage, study of viruses responsible for common disease on the basis of etiology, virus characters, pathogenicity, transmission.
3. Parasitology:
Introduction to parasitology, types of parasitism, host parasite relationship, resistance to parasites, importance of parasites in animal health, Broad classification of parasite, Pathogenicity, symptoms, treatment, control and immunity of common parasitic diseases caused by trematodes, cestodes, nematodes and protozoan parasites Role and importance of arthropods in relation, transmission of disease.
4. Pathology :
General pathology-disturbance of cell metabolism-degenerations and infiltrations. Disturbances of circulation and cell growth. Inflammation of urogenital, digestive, nervous and integumentary systems.
5. Medicine and Public Health:
General remarks on etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments of diseases of digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous systems and skin. Common causes of poisoning in animals. their signs and treatment.
Post-mortem examination of vetero-legal cases, vetero-legal wounds, common frauds in the sale of livestock and livestock products, cruelty against animals in India.
Study of incidence, etiology, mode of infection, symptoms, course, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prevention and control of common bacterial, viral rickettsial and parasitic diseases of domesticated animals and poultry in India.
General principles, nature and problems of meat inspection. Examination of animals before slaughter, methods of slaughter, dressing of carcasses, postmortem inspection, spoilage of meat and meat products.
6. Surgery & Radiology:
General surgery including wounds, thermal injuries, fractures their classification, signs and treatments. Shock sutures and ligatures. Sterilization. Reasons for administration of preanaesthetics and anesthetic. Local and general anesthesia. Anesthetic accidents and emergencies. Regional surgery of head, neck, chest and abdomen of common surgical affections. Surgical affections of fore limbs and hind limbs. Importance of veterinary radiology as diagnostic and therapeutic aid.
7. Obstetrics & Gynecology:
Animal reproduction- anatomy and functions of male and female reproductive organs, sperm physiology and morphology, semen and its composition, Artificial insemination. Semen diluters, Free zing. Merits, demerits, methods and storage. Infertility : study of diseases of genital organs their etiology, symptoms and treatment. Physiology of parturition, handling of dystopia, pre and post-partum complications. Study of mammary gland.

RAS MAIN-AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-I (Code No.02)

Soil and Water Conservation :- Forms of precipitation, Hydrologic
cycle, Point rainfall analysis, frequency analysis. Water shed-definition
and concept, agricultural Watersheds, prediction of peak runoff, factors
affecting runoff, Hydrograph, Concepts of unit and instantaneous
hydrographs. Erosion-type, affecting factors, damages associated with
erosion, assessment of actual annual soil loss by erosion and its impact on
agricultural production and productivity. Erosion control measures on
various classes of lands i.e. contour cultivation, Strip cropping, terracing,
afforestation, pastures etc. A critical analysis of the role of vegetation in
soil and water conservation, grassed water way and its design. Design of
gully control measures including permanent structures i.e. chute spillway,
Drop spillway, drop inlet spillway, retards and Stream Bank erosion,
flood routing, flood amelioration through soil and water management in
upstream zone, mechanics of wind and water erosion, wind erosion
control, water harvesting structures i.e. Khadin, Tanka, Nada and Anicut.
Irrigation-Soil-Water-Plant relationship, permeability, Infiltration,
Percolation, water requirements of crops and irrigation scheduling, direct
and indirect methods of soil moisture measurements, Measurements of
irrigation water-Orifice, Weirs, Notches, Parshall flumes, H-flumes etc.
Water conveyance and control, design of field channels and Canals,
Lacey and Kennedy theories, Most economical channel cross section.
Selection of underground pipe line structures and their design, irrigation
methods, their hydraulics and design viz-Border, Furrow, Flood, Drip and
sprinklers methods, concepts in irrigation efficiencies.
Drainage :- Benefits of drainage, Hydraulic conductivity, Drainable
porosity, Drainage Coefficient. Surface drainage, Drainage o flat and
slopping lands. Design of open ditches, their alignment and construction.
Design and layout of sub surface drains, depth and spacing of drains and
drainage outlets, installation of drains and drainage wells, drainage wells,
drainage of salt affected areas.
Pumps :- Design, Construction, Performance characteristics,
selection, installation, working principle and maintenance of
Reciprocating Pump, Centrifugal Pump, Turbine Pump, Submersible
Pump, Propellers, Jet and air left pumps and hydraulic ram.
Water Resources Development and Management :- Water
resources of India, Surface water, Ground water, development of
irrigation potential, Canal irrigation, Command area development, on
farm development works, acquifier parameters, Hydraulics of wells,
steady and unsteady flow, well log, construction of wells, Design of well
screen, well development.
Fluid Mechanics :- Fluid properties, units and dimensions, mass,
momentum and energy conservation principles, Navier stoke equation,
Vorticity-flow of fluids in pipes and channels, Friction factor, turbulence,
instruments, and measurement systems.
Surveying, Leveling and Land Development :- Linear
measurements, different surveying devices and methods, land grading and
leveling, contouring and terracing, each work estimation, Land
Development Budgeting, earth moving machinery and theodelite.

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-II (Code No.02)

Agricultural Processing :- Various size reduction machinery and
energy requirement. Material Handing Equipment, Separation equipmentbased
on size shape and surface characteristics, Heating and Cooling of
food products, mode of heat transfer, different types of heat exchanges,
Psychrometry chart and its application in drying EMC and its
determination, Principles of drying and drying equipments, types of
evaporators, single and multiple effect evaporators, Refrigeration load
calculation, various milling process-Rice, maize, wheat, and pulse
milling, Parboiling of wheat and paddy. Storage of grains and their
design. Principles of food preservation and thermal processing.
Farm Electrification and machine :- AC-DC Machines, DOL
starter, Transformer, 3-phase Induction Motors and Alternators,
Transmission and distribution of electricity. Selection, Installation and
general cares of electric motors on farms, selection of wire sizes based on
Indian standards. Types of wiring and design of wiring systems, Rural
electrification.
Farm Power :- Classification of Internal combustion (IC) engines
terminology, Otto diesel cycle, engine components, Fuel supply system,
Lubrication system. Cooling system and Governing system.
Types of Tractors, Brakes, Power Transmission system,
Differential, Mechanics of tractor chassis, Steering system, Hydraulic
system and selection of tractors.
Rural Housing :- Building materials and their properties, Design of
Beams, Slabs, Columns and foundations, Planning and design of Rural
houses, Farm Roads, Village drainage system, waste disposal and sanitary
structures, material and cost estimation in construction. Integrated Rural
energy planning and development.
Farm Machinery :- Types of hitching systems and hydraulic depth
and draft control Selection of sowing and planting equipment and their
calibration, Precision planting. Selection and calibration of Sprayers and
Dusters. Selection and operation principles of Harvesting and threshing
machines. Cost analysis of farm equipment and related numerical
problems.
Renewable Energy :- Solar Radiation-its measurement, solar
thermal devices and gadgets i.e. solar cooper, solar water heater, solar
dryer, solar refrigeration and Air conditions etc. Solar Photovoltaic
devices i.e. solar lantern, street light, power pack. Bio energy-production,
conversion and utilization route, Biogas-type classification and design of
Biogas Plant. Biomass gasification, Alcoholic fermentation (Ethanol and
Methanol Production) wind energy conversion process i.e., water
pumping, wind mills, and Aero generator. Fuel cell and other chemical
sources of energy.

RAS MAIN-AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURE PAPER-I (Code No. 01)

Agronomy (including statistics): Agro Climatology-Major agroclimatic
zones of India and Rajasthan. Cropping pattern in different agroclimatic
zones. Elements of crop production, Tillage and tilth, cropping
system including concepts of intercropping, multiple cropping, really
cropping, mixed cropping, sequential cropping, multistoried cropping and
their importance in relation to crop production, crop rotation.

Soil erosion: Nature and extent of problem in Rajasthan, agronomic practices for
minimizing water and wind erosion, Soil conservation practices and
structures. Weed management.
Soils, fertilizers and irrigations : Soils and soil management.
Different types of manures and fertilizers including bio fertilizers, soil
testing, essential major and minor plant nutrients. Soil-water-plant
relationship. Methods of irrigation. Present status and sources of
irrigation in the country and state of Rajasthan. Qualities of irrigation
water. Management of irrigation in major crops.
Field Crops : Study of cops with reference to origin, distribution in
Rajasthan and India, classification of important agricultural crops,
package of practices for important cereals i.e. Wheat, Barley, Bajra,
Sorghum, (Jowar), Maize, paddy, pulses i.e. Gram, Moth, Moong,
Cowpea, Oilseed Rape & Mustard, Groundnut, Til, Soyabeen, other
crops, such as Cotton, Sugarcane, Cluster bean, Cumin, Coriander,
Opium, Dry land agriculture concept, problem and extent of dry land
agriculture in India and Rajasthan.
Soil Science : Soil genesis, soil survey & classification; physical,
chemical and microbiological properties of soil; soil water; soil colloids;
problem soils, their reclamation and management; soil microbes and their
classification; soil organic matter, its formation and functions in soil, C/N
ratio; Organic manure their preparation, composition, chemistry of
decomposition and effects of soil properties. Fertilizer manufactureprocess
and chemistry, straight, compound and mixed fertilizers and their
effect on soil properties.
Agricultural Botany : Water relations, absorption and movement of
water in plants, photosynthesis; respiration; growth and development;
environmental factors affecting the growth.
Genetics : Importance and historical background of genetic;
inheritance of simple characters in plan, gene interactions and multiple
alleles, linkage and crossing over; DNA-structure & function.
Plant Breeding - Its significance. Methods of breeding in self, cross
& vegetatively propagated crops. Introduction, selection, hybridization,
mutation, Heterosis breeding & population improvement. Exploitation of
heterosis in Maize, Bajra & Sorghum. Improved seed types and their
production. Genetic engineering. Ultra structure of plant cell; structure &
function of cell organelles, classification of plant kingdom.
Horticulture : Olericulture - Types of vegetable farming;
classification of vegetable crops' layout of vegetable garden; package of
practices of important vegetables - Peas, Tomato, Cole Crops, Cucurbits,
Okra, Brinjal, Radish, Carrot, Pomology Selection of site and layout of
orchard. Methods of propagation, training and pruning of fruit plants;
package of practices of Citrus, Mango, Ber, Papaya, Guava,
Pomegranate; packing, storage and marketing. Floriculture and
ornamental gardening- layout, care & management of garden and indoor
plants. Fruit and vegetable technology. Principles of fruit and vegetable
preservation, dehydration, bottling and canning. Scope and importance of
Social Forestry & Agro forestry.
Plant Protection : Major diseases of Field, vegetable, orchard and
plantation crops and their control measures. Causes and classification of
plant diseases. Principles of Plant disease management with special
reference to biological and integrated approach.
Studies of insect, pests and their control measures including
integrated pest management of field crops, polyphagous pests and their
control. Pesticides - Doses and methods of application. Equipments -
Calibration, maintenance and their use. Aerial operations, insecticidal
residues and their hazards Legislative measures for plant protection and
quality control of pesticides Storage and post harvest technology. Lac
culture, apiculture, and sericulture.

AGRICULTURE PAPER-II

Livestock Production : importance of livestock in Rajasthan and
India. Cattle, buffalo, goat, camel, sheep and poultry. Care and
management of farm animals. Selection of livestock for mild, meat, wool
and eggs. Methods of breeding. Animal nutrition-major and minor
nutrients, digestion and absorption; nutritive value of feeds and fodders;
feeding standards; balance ration Important fodder crops & grasses,
pasture management, hay and silage making. Health and hygiene.
Common infections, prevention and control of diseases care of sick
animals.
Dairying : Present position of dairy animals in Rajasthan and India
milk production and utilization, Collection, transportation, grading,
standardisation, pasteurization, homogenization, storage, distribution and
marketing of milk Common microorganism. sources and stage of
contamination and control. Milk products-manufacture of cream, butter,
ghee, cheese, ice-cream, dahi etc. Human nutrition-nutritional status,
assessment and problems; importance of nutrition education.
Extension Education : Principles, Philosophy, scope and
objectives. Rural and urban society; basic village institutions, social
institutions, rural leadership-type of leaders; rural family; cultural &
socio-economic changes, social control and social process. Early
extension work in India, Rural preconstruction programme in India
including community development programme, IADP, IAAP, HYVP,
SFDA, MFAL, Operational Research, TRYSEM, NAEP, DRDA, IRDP,
TDAP, Recent trends in agricultural extensions. Special incentives for
small marginal & other depressed classes of farming community.
Extension education as a process of teaching and learning;
extension teaching methods; A.V.aids; cone of experience, types of slides
& film strips; programme planning and evaluation; communications;
adoption and diffusion process, types of farmers in relation to adoption of
innovations. Training & management in extension education. Role of
Farm-women in agricultural extension. Agricultural information;
elements of effective teaching; T and V system.
Agricultural Economics : (including Farm Management) : Scope of
agricultural economics., differentiation between agricultural economics
and industrial economics. Peculiarities of Indian agriculture, population
theories. Problems of over population, Problems of land-Land use
pattern; land utilization in India and Rajasthan and variations among
states. Small and fragmented holdings, consolidation of holding;
legislations in agriculture; management of waste lands.
Agriculture labor : Present position and problems; minimum
wages. agricultural financing and rural banking - Meaning and
importance of finance in agriculture; capital and credit requirement;
commercial banks; social control on banks; bank nationalization; Rural
Regional bank; RBI, AFC, ADB, IMF, DIR. Lead Bank, Area approach,
village adoption scheme, NABARD. (A.R.D.C.); co-operative financing -
PACS, CCB, LDB, poverty and rural indebtedness.
Farm Management : Essentials in selecting a farm; various systems
of farming; basic economic principles in farm management., farm records
and accounts. Farm efficiency measures. Farm planning and budgeting.
Problems of management in agriculture. Risk and uncertainty in a
agriculture. Droughts and floods, insurance of crops & animals.
Agricultural Engineering : Study of common workshop tools of
carpentry, blaksmithy and fitting shops, Study of different instruments
and equipments used in land surveying. Sources of farm power on an
average farm. Scope of farm mechanisation in India. Maintenance of
agricultural machinery and implements, I.C. engines, water fitting
devices, electric motors. Wind and solar energy as a source of farm
power.
Soil and water conservation engineering, water harvesting, storage
and recycling, watershed management. Sources of irrigation water. Water
measuring devices. Lining of water channel. Irrigation layout.
Implements used for seed-bed preparation, sowing and fertilizer
application, interculture and land leveling etc. Harvesting and threshing
equipments-manual, animal and-power operated. Storage structures.