RAS MAIN-AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-I (Code No.02)

Soil and Water Conservation :- Forms of precipitation, Hydrologic
cycle, Point rainfall analysis, frequency analysis. Water shed-definition
and concept, agricultural Watersheds, prediction of peak runoff, factors
affecting runoff, Hydrograph, Concepts of unit and instantaneous
hydrographs. Erosion-type, affecting factors, damages associated with
erosion, assessment of actual annual soil loss by erosion and its impact on
agricultural production and productivity. Erosion control measures on
various classes of lands i.e. contour cultivation, Strip cropping, terracing,
afforestation, pastures etc. A critical analysis of the role of vegetation in
soil and water conservation, grassed water way and its design. Design of
gully control measures including permanent structures i.e. chute spillway,
Drop spillway, drop inlet spillway, retards and Stream Bank erosion,
flood routing, flood amelioration through soil and water management in
upstream zone, mechanics of wind and water erosion, wind erosion
control, water harvesting structures i.e. Khadin, Tanka, Nada and Anicut.
Irrigation-Soil-Water-Plant relationship, permeability, Infiltration,
Percolation, water requirements of crops and irrigation scheduling, direct
and indirect methods of soil moisture measurements, Measurements of
irrigation water-Orifice, Weirs, Notches, Parshall flumes, H-flumes etc.
Water conveyance and control, design of field channels and Canals,
Lacey and Kennedy theories, Most economical channel cross section.
Selection of underground pipe line structures and their design, irrigation
methods, their hydraulics and design viz-Border, Furrow, Flood, Drip and
sprinklers methods, concepts in irrigation efficiencies.
Drainage :- Benefits of drainage, Hydraulic conductivity, Drainable
porosity, Drainage Coefficient. Surface drainage, Drainage o flat and
slopping lands. Design of open ditches, their alignment and construction.
Design and layout of sub surface drains, depth and spacing of drains and
drainage outlets, installation of drains and drainage wells, drainage wells,
drainage of salt affected areas.
Pumps :- Design, Construction, Performance characteristics,
selection, installation, working principle and maintenance of
Reciprocating Pump, Centrifugal Pump, Turbine Pump, Submersible
Pump, Propellers, Jet and air left pumps and hydraulic ram.
Water Resources Development and Management :- Water
resources of India, Surface water, Ground water, development of
irrigation potential, Canal irrigation, Command area development, on
farm development works, acquifier parameters, Hydraulics of wells,
steady and unsteady flow, well log, construction of wells, Design of well
screen, well development.
Fluid Mechanics :- Fluid properties, units and dimensions, mass,
momentum and energy conservation principles, Navier stoke equation,
Vorticity-flow of fluids in pipes and channels, Friction factor, turbulence,
instruments, and measurement systems.
Surveying, Leveling and Land Development :- Linear
measurements, different surveying devices and methods, land grading and
leveling, contouring and terracing, each work estimation, Land
Development Budgeting, earth moving machinery and theodelite.

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-II (Code No.02)

Agricultural Processing :- Various size reduction machinery and
energy requirement. Material Handing Equipment, Separation equipmentbased
on size shape and surface characteristics, Heating and Cooling of
food products, mode of heat transfer, different types of heat exchanges,
Psychrometry chart and its application in drying EMC and its
determination, Principles of drying and drying equipments, types of
evaporators, single and multiple effect evaporators, Refrigeration load
calculation, various milling process-Rice, maize, wheat, and pulse
milling, Parboiling of wheat and paddy. Storage of grains and their
design. Principles of food preservation and thermal processing.
Farm Electrification and machine :- AC-DC Machines, DOL
starter, Transformer, 3-phase Induction Motors and Alternators,
Transmission and distribution of electricity. Selection, Installation and
general cares of electric motors on farms, selection of wire sizes based on
Indian standards. Types of wiring and design of wiring systems, Rural
electrification.
Farm Power :- Classification of Internal combustion (IC) engines
terminology, Otto diesel cycle, engine components, Fuel supply system,
Lubrication system. Cooling system and Governing system.
Types of Tractors, Brakes, Power Transmission system,
Differential, Mechanics of tractor chassis, Steering system, Hydraulic
system and selection of tractors.
Rural Housing :- Building materials and their properties, Design of
Beams, Slabs, Columns and foundations, Planning and design of Rural
houses, Farm Roads, Village drainage system, waste disposal and sanitary
structures, material and cost estimation in construction. Integrated Rural
energy planning and development.
Farm Machinery :- Types of hitching systems and hydraulic depth
and draft control Selection of sowing and planting equipment and their
calibration, Precision planting. Selection and calibration of Sprayers and
Dusters. Selection and operation principles of Harvesting and threshing
machines. Cost analysis of farm equipment and related numerical
problems.
Renewable Energy :- Solar Radiation-its measurement, solar
thermal devices and gadgets i.e. solar cooper, solar water heater, solar
dryer, solar refrigeration and Air conditions etc. Solar Photovoltaic
devices i.e. solar lantern, street light, power pack. Bio energy-production,
conversion and utilization route, Biogas-type classification and design of
Biogas Plant. Biomass gasification, Alcoholic fermentation (Ethanol and
Methanol Production) wind energy conversion process i.e., water
pumping, wind mills, and Aero generator. Fuel cell and other chemical
sources of energy.

RAS MAIN-AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURE PAPER-I (Code No. 01)

Agronomy (including statistics): Agro Climatology-Major agroclimatic
zones of India and Rajasthan. Cropping pattern in different agroclimatic
zones. Elements of crop production, Tillage and tilth, cropping
system including concepts of intercropping, multiple cropping, really
cropping, mixed cropping, sequential cropping, multistoried cropping and
their importance in relation to crop production, crop rotation.

Soil erosion: Nature and extent of problem in Rajasthan, agronomic practices for
minimizing water and wind erosion, Soil conservation practices and
structures. Weed management.
Soils, fertilizers and irrigations : Soils and soil management.
Different types of manures and fertilizers including bio fertilizers, soil
testing, essential major and minor plant nutrients. Soil-water-plant
relationship. Methods of irrigation. Present status and sources of
irrigation in the country and state of Rajasthan. Qualities of irrigation
water. Management of irrigation in major crops.
Field Crops : Study of cops with reference to origin, distribution in
Rajasthan and India, classification of important agricultural crops,
package of practices for important cereals i.e. Wheat, Barley, Bajra,
Sorghum, (Jowar), Maize, paddy, pulses i.e. Gram, Moth, Moong,
Cowpea, Oilseed Rape & Mustard, Groundnut, Til, Soyabeen, other
crops, such as Cotton, Sugarcane, Cluster bean, Cumin, Coriander,
Opium, Dry land agriculture concept, problem and extent of dry land
agriculture in India and Rajasthan.
Soil Science : Soil genesis, soil survey & classification; physical,
chemical and microbiological properties of soil; soil water; soil colloids;
problem soils, their reclamation and management; soil microbes and their
classification; soil organic matter, its formation and functions in soil, C/N
ratio; Organic manure their preparation, composition, chemistry of
decomposition and effects of soil properties. Fertilizer manufactureprocess
and chemistry, straight, compound and mixed fertilizers and their
effect on soil properties.
Agricultural Botany : Water relations, absorption and movement of
water in plants, photosynthesis; respiration; growth and development;
environmental factors affecting the growth.
Genetics : Importance and historical background of genetic;
inheritance of simple characters in plan, gene interactions and multiple
alleles, linkage and crossing over; DNA-structure & function.
Plant Breeding - Its significance. Methods of breeding in self, cross
& vegetatively propagated crops. Introduction, selection, hybridization,
mutation, Heterosis breeding & population improvement. Exploitation of
heterosis in Maize, Bajra & Sorghum. Improved seed types and their
production. Genetic engineering. Ultra structure of plant cell; structure &
function of cell organelles, classification of plant kingdom.
Horticulture : Olericulture - Types of vegetable farming;
classification of vegetable crops' layout of vegetable garden; package of
practices of important vegetables - Peas, Tomato, Cole Crops, Cucurbits,
Okra, Brinjal, Radish, Carrot, Pomology Selection of site and layout of
orchard. Methods of propagation, training and pruning of fruit plants;
package of practices of Citrus, Mango, Ber, Papaya, Guava,
Pomegranate; packing, storage and marketing. Floriculture and
ornamental gardening- layout, care & management of garden and indoor
plants. Fruit and vegetable technology. Principles of fruit and vegetable
preservation, dehydration, bottling and canning. Scope and importance of
Social Forestry & Agro forestry.
Plant Protection : Major diseases of Field, vegetable, orchard and
plantation crops and their control measures. Causes and classification of
plant diseases. Principles of Plant disease management with special
reference to biological and integrated approach.
Studies of insect, pests and their control measures including
integrated pest management of field crops, polyphagous pests and their
control. Pesticides - Doses and methods of application. Equipments -
Calibration, maintenance and their use. Aerial operations, insecticidal
residues and their hazards Legislative measures for plant protection and
quality control of pesticides Storage and post harvest technology. Lac
culture, apiculture, and sericulture.

AGRICULTURE PAPER-II

Livestock Production : importance of livestock in Rajasthan and
India. Cattle, buffalo, goat, camel, sheep and poultry. Care and
management of farm animals. Selection of livestock for mild, meat, wool
and eggs. Methods of breeding. Animal nutrition-major and minor
nutrients, digestion and absorption; nutritive value of feeds and fodders;
feeding standards; balance ration Important fodder crops & grasses,
pasture management, hay and silage making. Health and hygiene.
Common infections, prevention and control of diseases care of sick
animals.
Dairying : Present position of dairy animals in Rajasthan and India
milk production and utilization, Collection, transportation, grading,
standardisation, pasteurization, homogenization, storage, distribution and
marketing of milk Common microorganism. sources and stage of
contamination and control. Milk products-manufacture of cream, butter,
ghee, cheese, ice-cream, dahi etc. Human nutrition-nutritional status,
assessment and problems; importance of nutrition education.
Extension Education : Principles, Philosophy, scope and
objectives. Rural and urban society; basic village institutions, social
institutions, rural leadership-type of leaders; rural family; cultural &
socio-economic changes, social control and social process. Early
extension work in India, Rural preconstruction programme in India
including community development programme, IADP, IAAP, HYVP,
SFDA, MFAL, Operational Research, TRYSEM, NAEP, DRDA, IRDP,
TDAP, Recent trends in agricultural extensions. Special incentives for
small marginal & other depressed classes of farming community.
Extension education as a process of teaching and learning;
extension teaching methods; A.V.aids; cone of experience, types of slides
& film strips; programme planning and evaluation; communications;
adoption and diffusion process, types of farmers in relation to adoption of
innovations. Training & management in extension education. Role of
Farm-women in agricultural extension. Agricultural information;
elements of effective teaching; T and V system.
Agricultural Economics : (including Farm Management) : Scope of
agricultural economics., differentiation between agricultural economics
and industrial economics. Peculiarities of Indian agriculture, population
theories. Problems of over population, Problems of land-Land use
pattern; land utilization in India and Rajasthan and variations among
states. Small and fragmented holdings, consolidation of holding;
legislations in agriculture; management of waste lands.
Agriculture labor : Present position and problems; minimum
wages. agricultural financing and rural banking - Meaning and
importance of finance in agriculture; capital and credit requirement;
commercial banks; social control on banks; bank nationalization; Rural
Regional bank; RBI, AFC, ADB, IMF, DIR. Lead Bank, Area approach,
village adoption scheme, NABARD. (A.R.D.C.); co-operative financing -
PACS, CCB, LDB, poverty and rural indebtedness.
Farm Management : Essentials in selecting a farm; various systems
of farming; basic economic principles in farm management., farm records
and accounts. Farm efficiency measures. Farm planning and budgeting.
Problems of management in agriculture. Risk and uncertainty in a
agriculture. Droughts and floods, insurance of crops & animals.
Agricultural Engineering : Study of common workshop tools of
carpentry, blaksmithy and fitting shops, Study of different instruments
and equipments used in land surveying. Sources of farm power on an
average farm. Scope of farm mechanisation in India. Maintenance of
agricultural machinery and implements, I.C. engines, water fitting
devices, electric motors. Wind and solar energy as a source of farm
power.
Soil and water conservation engineering, water harvesting, storage
and recycling, watershed management. Sources of irrigation water. Water
measuring devices. Lining of water channel. Irrigation layout.
Implements used for seed-bed preparation, sowing and fertilizer
application, interculture and land leveling etc. Harvesting and threshing
equipments-manual, animal and-power operated. Storage structures.